Kutheni abantu bethanda izithuthi zombane ngoku?

Imoto yombanes (Iv) bayayiba yindlela eyandayo yokuhamba, Ngaphezulu nangakumbi abantu abakhethayo. Izizathu ezenzeka emva kokuthandwa okukhulayo kwe isithuthi sombaneziyahluka, ukusukela kwizibonelelo zokusingqongileyo kwinkqubela phambili kwezobuchwephesha kunye nezibonelelo zoqoqosho. Kweli nqaku, Siza kuphonononga izizathu eziphambili zokuba kutheni isithuthi sombaneNgaba ngoku ubathandeke ngokubanzi kwaye yintoni ebangela ukuba bakhethe ukhetho olunomdla kubathengi.

1. Kutheni abantu bethanda izithuthi zombane ngoku?

Kukho izinto ezininzi ezibalulekileyo ezinegalelo ekunyukeni kwezithuthi zombane. Njengoko uluntu luye lwazi ngakumbi imiba yokusingqongileyo, Ukuhambela phambili kwezobuchwephesha kwishishini le-Automotive lenze i-Ev i-Ev kwiZithuthi zeMveli. Nazi izizathu eziphambili zokuba abantu banyule izithuthi zombane namhlanje:

1.1 Izibonelelo zeNdalo esingqongileyo

Esona sizathu sibalulekileyo abantu bakhetha izithuthi zombane ziingenelo ezikhoyo. Izithuthi zombane zinobuhlobo bendalo ngenxa yokuba zivelisa ukukhutshwa kwe-zero. Ngokungafaniyo nepetroli eqhelekileyo okanye izithuthi zedizili, ebeka i-it engcoliseko eliyingozi njengekhabhoni diokside (I-co2), I-Nitrogen Oxide (Nox), kwaye uqwalaselo, Izithuthi zombane azivelisi igesi. Oku kunceda ukunciphisa ungcoliseko lomoya, ngakumbi kwiindawo ezinabantu abaninzi.

Ukunciphisa ukukhutshwa kwekhabhoni kubalulekile ekusombululeni utshintsho lwemozulu, kwaye izithuthi zombane zidlala indima ebalulekileyo kule nzame. Njengoko kuthathwa izithuthi zombane, Ukuncitshiswa kwemveliso eyingozi kunceda ukuphucula umgangatho womoya, Ukwenza igalelo kwimpilo yoluntu engcono kunye nokuthomalalisa ubushushu behlabathi. Ngaphezulu, Xa izithuthi zombane zibiziweyo usebenzisa imithombo yamandla ahlaziyiweyo efana nelanga, umoya, okanye kunye ne-hydropower, Unyawo lwabo lokusingqongileyo luba mncinci, Ukomeleza ifuthe labo kwiplanethi.

1.2 Iindleko eziphantsi zokusebenza

Izithuthi zombane zikwathanda ukuba neendleko eziphantsi zokusebenza zithelekiswa nenjini yemveli yangaphakathi (Ice) izithuthi. Ixabiso lombane lingaphantsi kakhulu kunexabiso le-petroli okanye idizili, Ukwenza kube uqoqosho ngakumbi kwimoto yombane. Ukwengeza, Izithuthi zombane zinezixhobo ezimbalwa zokuhamba kunezithuthi zemveli, Intsingiselo bafuna ukugcinwa okungaphantsi. I-EVs ayinazinto ezinjengeenjini yokudibana yangaphakathi, ukuhambisa, okanye inkqubo yokuphelisa, Zonke ezifuna ukunyuka rhoqo kwaye zithambekele ukunxiba kunye nokukrazula.

Ngamacandelo amancinci oomatshini, Izithuthi zombane zinokwenzeka ukuba zifune ukulungiswa kweendleko. Njengokuba, Imali yombane ihlala ixesha elide kuneenjini eziqhelekileyo, kwaye kuba ii-Evs zihlala zisebenzisa i-regeneaties, Iinkqubo ze-brake zihlala zinxiba kancinci kancinci. Oku kuphumela kwiindleko ezisezantsi zexesha elide zokulondolozwa kwabanini bombane.

Ngaphezu koko, Imimandla emininzi ibonelela ngeziseko zasimahla okanye eziphantsi kwexabiso eliphantsi, Ukwenza ukuba uqoqosho ngakumbi kubaqhubi ukuba bahlawulise i -vs yabo. Njengoko uthungelwano lokutshaja luyaqhubeka nokwandisa, Ukulula kunye nokufikeleleka kokutsala isithuthi sombane kuya kunyuka, Ukomeleza isibongozo sayo.

1.3 Ukuhambela phambili kwezobugcisa kunye noluhlu oluphuculweyo lokuqhuba

Kule minyaka ilishumi idlulileyo, Inkqubela phambili kwitekhnoloji yemoto yombane iphucule kakhulu uluhlu lwabo kunye nentsebenzo. Enye yezona zinto ziphambili kwi-ED abathengi e-ED ngaphambili yayiluhlu lokuqhuba olulinganiselweyo lwezithuthi zombane. Iimodeli zokuqala zeemoto zombane zinokuhamba kuphela kumgama omfutshane kwityala elinye, Ukwenza ukuba bafaneleke kuhambo olude.

Nangona kunjalo, Iimoto zombane zanamhlanje zilubonile ukuphuculwa okukhulu kwitekhnoloji yebhetri. Uninzi lwe-EVs lwanamhlanje ngoku lunika i-ranges ye 250-370 iikhilomitha (400-600 Iikhilomitha) Kwityala elipheleleyo, Ngeemodeli ezithile eziphezulu ezifikelela ngaphezulu 400 iikhilomitha (640 Iikhilomitha) ngentlawulo nganye. Oku kwenza ukuba izithuthi zombane ziluncedo kakhulu ukuqhuba kwemihla ngemihla, kubandakanya ukonwaba kunye neempelaveki.

Ngaphezu koko, Ukuhambela phambili kwitekhnoloji yokutshaja kwenza ukuba kwenzeke kwizithuthi zombane ukuze zihlawulise ngokukhawuleza. Izikhululo zokuhlawula ngokukhawuleza ziyafumaneka kwiindawo ezininzi ezisezidolophini, kwaye ezinye izithuthi zombane zinokuhlawulisa 80% Ngobungakanani bebhetri yabo 30 imizuzu. Ngokwanda kokubini kweziseko zophuhliso ezikhawulezayo kunye netekhnoloji yebhetri, Ukuhamba umgama omde kuya kuthi cwaka ngakumbi kubanini bezithuthi zombane.

1.4 Inkuthazo yoRhulumente kunye nenkxaso

Oorhulumente kwihlabathi liphela bakhuthaza ngenkuthalo kwizithuthi zombane ngokubonelela ngoluhlu lweenkuthazo kunye nenkxaso-mali. Oku kubandakanya iikhredithi zerhafu, isaphulelo, Imirhumo encitshisiweyo yobhaliso, kunye nezinye izinkuthazo zemali ezinceda ukuthoba iindleko zokuthenga imoto yombane. Kwimimandla emininzi, I-ED abathengi banokufumana izibonelelo ezibalulekileyo zezemali ezenza ixabiso lokuqala lokuthenga kwemoto yombane ifikeleleke ngakumbi.

Ukongeza kwinkuthazo yemali, Oorhulumente batyale imali kuphuhliso lwezinto ezikhoyo ze-ED, kubandakanya ufakelo lwezikhululo zetyala kunye nokuphunyezwa kwemigaqo-nkqubo ukukhuthaza ukwamkelwa kwabantwana abaxhaphazekileyo kumbane. Le migaqo-nkqubo kunye namanyathelo anceda ukwenza izithuthi zombane zifikeleleke kuluhlu olubanzi lwabathengi.

2. Ishaja imoto yombane enzima?

Ukutshaja imoto yombane yenye yezinto eziphambili abathengi abanokubakho ukubandakanyeka xa kusenziwa isigqibo sokuba wenze i-switch kwimoto ephethe i-petrol. Mandulo, Iziseko zophuhliso zazinqunyelwe, kwaye ixesha elithathe ixesha lokutshaja inqwelo-mafutha inokungahambelani kubaqhubi. Nangona kunjalo, Njengoko itekhnoloji ihambile, Ukutshaja imoto yombane kuyanda ngakumbi.

2.1 Ukuphuculwa kweziseko zophuhliso

Kule minyaka imbalwa idlulileyo, Iziseko zophuhliso kwizithuthi zombane zandisiwe kakhulu. Izikhululo zokuhlawula iishawari zifakiwe kwizixeko, iindlela eziphezulu, kunye neendawo zikawonke-wonke, Ukwenza kube lula ukufumana indawo yokuhlawula i-EV yakho. Ukongeza, Uninzi lwabanini be-EV ngoku bayakwazi ukufaka izikhululo zokuhlawula amakhadi ekhaya, ukubavumela ukuba bahlawulise izithuthi zabo ngobusuku bonke kwi-garages yazo. Oku lula kuluphucule kakhulu ubuchule bokufumana isithuthi sombane.

Ezinye izithuthi zombane zixhasa itekhnoloji yokutshaja ngokukhawuleza, evumela ibhetri ukuba ihlawulwe ngokukhawuleza ngexesha elifutshane. Izikhululo zokuhlawula ngokukhawuleza ziyafakwa kwiindawo eziphambili ezinje ngevenkile yokuthenga, Iipaki zeofisi, kunye neendawo zokuphumla zendlela yokuphumla, Ukwenza kube lula ukubuyisela imoto yombane ngexesha lohambo olude.

Nangona kusenokuthatha ixesha elide ukubiza imoto yombane xa kuthelekiswa nokuphindisa i-petroli imoto, Ukuqulunqwa kwezitishi zokubiza ngokukhawuleza kunye nokwanda kokufumaneka kweendawo zokuhlawula kuthetha ukuba ukubiza kuya kuba lula ngakumbi.

2.2 I-CHEDIA YOKUGQIBELA

Kwabanini bezithuthi ezininzi, Ukukwazi ukubiza imoto yabo ekhaya yinzuzo enkulu. Ukufaka isikhululo sotshaja sekhaya kuvumela abaqhubi ukuba bahlawulise imoto yabo ngobusuku, intsingiselo banokuqalisa yonke imihla ngebhetri epheleleyo. Ukongeza ekunciphiseni ixesha elichithwe lilinde intlawulo, Ukutshaja ekhaya kuphelisa isidingo sokutyelela izikhululo zikawonke-wonke zoluntu rhoqo.

Njengoko izisombululo zokuhlawula amakhaya ziba ngokubanzi kwaye zifikeleleke, Ukudalwa kwemoto yombane kuya kuqhubeka nokuphucula. Abavelisi beemoto abaninzi ngoku baquka izixhobo zokuhlawula amakhaya njengenxalenye yephakheji, Ukwenza kube lula kubathengi ukuba batshintshele ekuhambeni kombane.

3. Uluhlu lokuqhuba lwezithuthi zombane ngokwaneleyo ukuze uninzi lwabantu?

Uluhlu lokuqhuba lwezithuthi zombane luye lwaqwalaselwa kakhulu kubathengi abaninzi, ngakumbi kwabo bafuna ukuhamba imigama emide rhoqo. Iimodeli zemoto yombane kwangoko zihlala zazinoluhlu oluncinci, Ukwenza ukuba bangakulungeli kwiihambo zendlela eyandisiweyo. Nangona kunjalo, Ukuhambela phambili kwezobuchwephesha kuye kwaphucula kakhulu uluhlu lwezithuthi zombane zanamhlanje.

3.1 Ukuphuculwa kwetekhnoloji yebhetri

Ngophuculo kwitekhnoloji yebhetri, Uluhlu lwezithuthi zombane lunyuke kakhulu. Uninzi lweemoto zombane zamva nje zibonelela nge-ranges ngaphezulu 200 iikhilomitha (320 Iikhilomitha) Kwityala elipheleleyo, Ngeemodeli zepremiyamu ezibonelela kakuhle 300 iikhilomitha (480 Iikhilomitha). Ezi ntlobo zindisiweyo zingaphezulu kokuba zinele uninzi lwabakhweli bemihla ngemihla, Njengoko abantu abaninzi beqhuba ngaphantsi kwe 50 iikhilomitha (80 Iikhilomitha) Ngosuku kumndilili.

3.2 Umgama omde wokuhamba kunye nezikhululo zenkampani

Ngelixa uluhlu luseyinkxalabo kubaqhubi abade abade, Uthungelwano olukhulayo lwezikhululo zetshaja lunceda ukunciphisa lo mbandela. Njengoko izikhululo zokuhlawula ngokukhawuleza zifakwe ecaleni kweendlela ezinkulu kunye neendawo ezisemaphandleni, amandla okuthatha uhambo olude lwendlela kwimoto yombane iya kuba yinto enokwenzeka. Ukongeza, Ukuphunyezwa kwetekhnoloji yoluhlu, njengokuqhubela phambili kwe-braeneative kunye neemotor ezifanelekileyo, Qinisekisa ukuphucula uluhlu lwezithuthi zombane.

Kubaqhubi abafuna ukuhamba imigama emide, Iindlela zokucwangcisa kunye nokwazi apho kuhlala khona izikhululo zenkampani ekufutshane khona kuya kuba lula, Enkosi kwii-APPOS ezahlukeneyo kunye neemephu. Njengoko uthungelwano lokutshaja luyaqhubeka nokwandisa, Ixhala lokuxinezeleka liya kuba yinkxalabo ebaluleke kakhulu kubanini bezithuthi zombane.

4. Ngaba ixabiso lezithuthi zombane ziphezulu kakhulu?

Omnye wemiceli mngeni ephambili ekwenzeni ukuba umntwana ongamzali ukuba abe ngumzali kwizithuthi zombane zexabiso eliphezulu lokuthelekiswa nexabiso lemveli. Nangona kunjalo, Ixabiso lezithuthi zombane zinciphe ngokuqhubekayo njengoko itekhnoloji yebhetri iphucula kwaye iinkqubo zemveliso zisebenza kakuhle.

4.1 Ukwehla kwexabiso lokuthenga

Ngelixa izithuthi zombane zisafuna ukuba nexabiso eliphezulu lokuthenga kwiimoto eziqhelekileyo, I-guap yexabiso incipha. Njengabavelisi abangakumbi bafaka imakethi yemoto yombane, Ukhuphiswano ngamaxabiso okuqhuba phantsi, kwaye uninzi lweemodeli ezi-Eva ziyafumaneka kwixabiso elifikelelweyo ngakumbi. Ukongeza, Inkxaso-mali kaRhulumente kunye nenkuthazo yerhafu yoncedo lokunceda indleko zexabiso eliphezulu, Ukwenza izithuthi zombane kuyafikeleleka kuluhlu olubanzi lwabathengi.

4.2 Iindleko ezisezantsi ezisebenzayo kunye nezolondolozo

Ngaphandle kweendleko zokuqala zokuqala, Izithuthi zombane zinokuba noqoqosho ngakumbi ekuhambeni kwexesha ngenxa yeendleko zawo ezisezantsi kunye nezolondolozo. Ukutshaja i-Enciyiluqhelekileyo kunexabiso eliphantsi kunokwalatha i-petroli enemoto, Iindleko zokugcina ziphantsi ngokubanzi kuba izithuthi zombane zinamacandelo ambalwa ahambayo afuna ukugcina okanye ukutshintshwa. Ixesha elidlulele, Ulondolozo kwi-oyile kunye nolondolozo lungayicima ixabiso lokuthenga eliphezulu, Ukwenza izithuthi zombane kukhetho olufanelekileyo kwixesha elide.

Ukongeza, Njengoko amaxabiso ebhetri ayaqhubeka ukuwa kwaye uqoqosho lwesikali liyafezekiswa, Ixabiso lezithuthi zombane ziya kuqhubeka nokuhla, Ukwenza ukuba ibefikeleleke ngakumbi kuluhlu olubanzi lwabathengi.

5. Ukuqukumbela: Kutheni abantu bethanda izithuthi zombane ngoku?

Ukuthandwa okukhulayo kwezithuthi zombane sisiphumo sokudityaniswa kwezinto ezenza ukuba bakhethe ukhetho olunomdla kubathengi bale mihla. Kwizibonelelo zabo zokusingqongileyo, njengokuncitshiswa kokukhutshwa okususiweyo kunye nokuphuculwa komgangatho womoya, kwiindleko zabo zokusebenza ezisezantsi kunye nezolondolozo, Izithuthi zombane zibonelela izibonelelo ezininzi ngaphezulu kweemoto zemveli zemveli. Ukuhambela phambili kwezobugcisa kwindawo yebhetri kunye neziseko zophuhliso zenze i -vs esebenzayo ngakumbi kwaye zilungile, kwaye inkuthazo yenkxaso kurhulumente iyayenza ifikeleleke ngakumbi.

Ngelixa imiceli mngeni njengokunqongophalwa kwemida kunye neendleko zokuqala zokuqala zihlala, Inkqubela phambili eqhubekayo kwitekhnoloji yombane kunye nokwandiswa kwenethiwekhi eshajayo ijongana nale micimbi. Njengoko abantu abaninzi bayazi izibonelelo zezithuthi zombane, Ibango le-EVs liya kuqhubeka likhula, Ukunceda ukuqhuba utshintsho ukuze uzinze ngakumbi, Inkqubo yokuThutha i-Eco.

Izithuthi zombane azisekho enye indlela nje; bakhawuleza baba yindlela ekhethiweyo yokuhamba kwabantu abafuna ukunciphisa ifuthe labo lokusingqongileyo, Gcina kwiindleko zokusebenza, kwaye ukonwabele itekhnoloji yemoto. Ngokuphuculwa okuqhubekayo kunye nokufumaneka ngakumbi, Izithuthi zombane zimiselwe ukuba zikhethe kakhulu kubaqhubi kumashumi eminyaka ezayo.