Nei mota dzemagetsi dzaishaikwa driver renji

Mota yemagetsiS (Evs) vakawana kutariswa kwakapararira seyakaomesesa imwe nzira kune yechinyakare yemukati momukati meinjini mota. Pasinei nezvakawanda zvakanakira, Kuganhurirwa kwakajairika ndiko kurambidzwa kwavo kwekutyaira kwakadzivirirwa kwakaenzaniswa nemotokari dzepeturu. Uku kugumira kunobva pazvinhu zvinoverengeka, kusanganisira bhatiri kugona, Kubhadharisa Zvivakwa, Kubudirira kwesimba, uye mutengo unofungidzirwa. Munyaya ino, Isu tinodzungudza mune izvi zvinhu kuti tiongorore nei main madiki mashoma uye zvinonetsa zvinosanganisirwa.

1. Yakakwana bhatiri kugona

Chikonzero chikuru cheiyo huwandu hwehuwandu hwe mota yemagetsis ndiyo yakakora yekugona kwemabhatiri avo. Mazhinji evs anoshandisa lithium-ion mabhatiri, Icho chitoro uye kupa iyo yemagetsi simba rinodiwa simba mota. Zvisinei, Iyo Energy density yeLithium-ion mabhatiri akaderera kupfuura iyo yetenzi.

Yekuenzanisa, Litita imwe yeturu ine hushamwari 33.6 Megajoules esimba, Ipo uremu hwakaenzana hwelhium-ion mabhatiri zvitoro zvakanyanya zvishoma zvishoma. Izvi zvinoreva kuti iyo Battery ev ev ev ev ev ev ev ev ev. Zvisinei, kuwedzera bhatiri saizi ine kutengeserana-offs:

• Uremu: Mabhatiri akakura anowedzera huremu hwakakosha kumota, iyo inodzora inogadzirisa simba rekushanda uye kudzikisira mabhenefiti ekuwedzera kugona.
• Mutengo: Mabhatiri ndeimwe yezvikamu zvinodhura kwazvo zveV, uye mabhatiri akakura anoita kuti mota iwedzere kudhura kwevatengi.
• Space Constraints: Saizi yebhatiri inokanganisa kugadzirwa kwemota, kudzikisira kwemukati uye nzvimbo yekutakura nzvimbo.

Izvi zvinhu zvinogadzira muganho unoshanda kune yakawanda sei simba iyo EV bhatiri inogona kuchengeta, izvo zvakananga zvinokanganisa huwandu hwayo.

2. Kubhadharisa infrastruction uye kumhanya

Kuwanikwa uye kushanda kwekushandisa kwekubhadhara zvinhu zvakare zvinotora basa rakaoma mukudzikisira huwandu hwe mota yemagetsiS. Nepo mota dzemapeturu dzinogona kudzidzisa mumaminitsi pane dzakapararira gasi zviteshi, Evs anovimba nezviteshi zvinosiyana zvakanyanya mukuwanika uye kumhanya.

• Kunonoka kurira: Zvizhinji zvehurumende zvekuchera zviyero ndezvevhu 2 charger, izvo zvinogona kutora maawa akati wandei kuti ubhadhare zvakakwana maEV. Kunyangwe anotsanya-anobhadharisa zviteshi, iyo yekushandisa dc ikozvino, zvinoda 20-40 maminetsi kusvika 80% kugona. Ichi chiitiko chinononoka chinononoka chinokonzeresa kushanda kwekugadzirisa nguva refu.
• Sparse infrarture: Mumatunhu mazhinji, Kuchaja Incrastructure kuchiri kunhurikidzwa, kunyanya munzvimbo dzekumaruwa kana dziri kure. Vatyairi vanogona kuzeza kuvimba nekufamba kwenguva refu kwekufamba kwenguva refu nekuda kwekutya kwekutadza kuwana chiteshi chekuchafa.
• Nyaya dzinoenderana: Haasi ese mashandiro ekubhadhara anoenderana nemhando dzese dzeV, uye kubhadharisa network kunowanzo kupatsanurwa, kuwedzera kune kusagadzikana.

Nekuti kudzokorora kuri kushoma nyore uye zvishoma nezvishoma pane kudzora, Vagadziri vanowanzo dhizaini ebvu vane mashoma renji, Targeting kupfupika kwemitambo yezuva nezuva pane kufamba-famba-kureba.

3. Kusvibisa kwebhatiri nekufamba kwenguva

Chimwe chinhu chinogumira zvinokatyamadza huwandu hwebvudzi hunoshanda ndewekushambadzira zvishoma nezvishoma kwebhatiri kugona nekufamba kwenguva. Lithium-ion mabhatiri anowana kupfeka uye kubvarura nekudzokorora kubhadharwa uye kuraswa matanho, inotungamira pakudzikiswa mukukwanisa kwavo kubata chirevo.

Iyo degree re degragration rinoenderana nezvikamu zvinoverengeka:

• Maitiro ekuchaja: Kazhinji kushandiswa kwekukurumidza charger kunogona kukurudzira bhatiri kupfeka nekuda kwemasango akakwira anobatanidzwa.
• Tembiricha: Kuratidzwa nekupisa kwakanyanya kana kutonhora kunogona kukanganisa zvinhu zvebhatiri uye kuderedza kuita.
• Kudzika kwe discharge: Kunyatsodonhedza uye kudzoreredza bhatiri kazhinji kunogona kupfupisa hupenyu hwayo.

Semagumo, EV iyo yekutanga inopa huwandu hwe 400 makiromita anogona kuona kuderedzwa kunooneka mushure memakore mashoma ekushandisa. Uku kuderera kwechisikigo muBattery kuita kunoita kuti zviome kune vagadziri kuti vauraye marefu marefu pasina mari yekubatira kana kuitisa mabhatiri epamberi pebhatiri manejimendi.

4. Simba rekushandisa mumamiriro ezvinhu akasiyana siyana

Iyo mhando yemotokari yemagetsi inoteerera zvakanyanya kumamiriro ekutyaira uye zvinhu zvekunze. Izvi zvinogona kuwedzera zvakanyanya kushandisa simba uye kuderedza iyo inoshanda huwandu:

• Kumhanya kwakanyanya: Kutyaira panzira huru inowedzera inowedzera aerodynamic dhira, izvo zvinoda simba rakawanda kukurira. Kusiyana neMukati Concustion Injini, izvo zvinogona kuve zvakanyatsonaka pakukasira kumhanya, Evs anowanzo kudya simba rakawanda sekukurumidza kuwedzera.
• Kutonhora kwemamiriro ekunze: Pakupisa kwakadzika, Battery Performance inodonha nekuti makemikari maitiro mukati mebhatiri zvishoma pasi. Kuwedzera, kupisa kabhini mumamiriro ekunze anotonhora anokwevera simba kubva kune bhatiri, kuwedzera kuderedza huwandu.
• Hilly Terrain: Kutyaira kukwira kunoda simba rakawanda, Sezvo mota inofanira kushanda nesimba kuti igadzirise gravity.
• Zvimwe Zvikwereti: Kutakura zvinorema kutakura kana kusimuka kunogona kuwedzera zvakanyanya simba rekushandisa, kudzikisira huwandu hwemotokari.

Izvi zvinhu zvinounza kusiyanisa kune huwandu, Kuita kuti zviome kune EV vagadziri vimbiso yekuvimbisa zviitiko zvinoenderana nekuita zviitiko zvakasiyana siyana.

5. Mutengo unofungidzirwa

Iyo yakakwira mutengo weV mabhatiri anobatsirawo kune yavo shoma mhando. Lithium-ion mabhatiri anodhura kuti abereke, uye chikamu chakakosha chemutengo weVE- chinobva pakarukwa chayo bhatiri. Kuwedzera iyo huwandu nekuwedzera bhatiri kugona kwacho kwaiita kuti Evs ichidavirira kune vazhinji vatengi.

Kurova chiyero pakati pekuda uye kuita, Vagadziri vanowanzo sarudza mabhatiri anopa huwandu hwakaringana hwekutenderera kwezuva nezuva kuti ufambe kwete kwekureba kwekufamba kwenguva refu. Mazhinji anobuda pamusika anopa matsika pakati 300-500 makiromita pane muripo, izvo zvidzidzo zvinoratidza zvakakwanira ruzhinji rwevatyairi.

6. Dhiza Dhiza-Offs

Vagadziri vemagetsi emotokari vanosangana nematare ekutengeserana-offs paunenge uchigadzira zvigadzirwa zvavo. Kuwedzera bhatiri saizi kuti uwedzere huwandu hunosanganisira zvinokanganiswa maererano nehuremu, nzvimbo, uye kushanda zvakanaka. Kuremerwa mabhatiri kwete chete kudzikisira mari yemotokari yekubudirira kwemotokari asi zvakare inobata kubata nekuita.

Uyezve, Vagadziri vanofanirwa kufunga nezvekutsigira kwezvakatipoteredza. Kugadzira mabhatiri akakura kunoda zvimwe zvinhu zvisina kugadzirwa, senge lithium, cobalt, uye nickel, Izvo zviwanikwa zvakanyatsoenzana nemitengo yakakosha uye yemagariro yekubvisa munharaunda. Kugadzira Evs ane mwero mwero mwero anobatsira kuderedza izvi zvinokanganisa paunenge uchigadzira mota zvakanyanya uye inotsigira.

7. Psychological Factors uye Market maitiro

Kuona kwekunetseka kwekunetseka - kutya kwemutyairi kupera simba usati wasvika pachiteshi chechafa-chinokanganisa kuti zvinokanganisa sei. Nepo kunetseka uku kuri chaiko, Zvidzidzo zvinoratidza kuti vatyairi vazhinji havawanzo kuwira 50-100 makiromita ekutyaira zuva nezuva. Nekutarisira ichi chikamu chemusika, Ev vagadziri vanovavarira kupa chigadzirwa chinosangana nevashandisi vazhinji’ inoda isina kuwedzera chiitiko chemamiriro ezvinhu anoitika zvisingawanzo.

Kuwedzera, Musika weEvs ari zvishoma nezvishoma kuchinja kwemhando dzine mwero wakawedzerwa, Inotungamirirwa nekufambira mberi muBattery Technology uye Mutengi Kuda. Zvisinei, Uku kuvandudzwa kunotora nguva yekuita uye chiyero, Kuchengeta ruramisa zvisingakwanisi munzvimbo yemhando dzazvino.

Mhedziso

Iyo shoma shoma yemotokari yemagetsi ndiyo mhedzisiro yemusanganiswa wezvinhu, Kusanganisira iyo yakasemesa simba density ye lithium-ion mabhatiri, Kuwanika uye kumhanya kwekubhadhara zvinyorwa, kukanganisa kwemamiriro ekutyaira, uye mutengo wekugadzirwa kwebhatiri. Aya macomputer haasi kupokana asi pane kunyatsoona kutariswa kwekutengeserana-kubva pamabatiro ekuita, kukudziridzwa, uye kusimba.

Sezvo bhatiri tekinoroji inoramba ichisimudzira, Nezvivakwa zvakadai seyakagadzirirwa-nyika mabhatiri uye yakagadziridzwa densities densities, Iyo mhando yemotokari yemagetsi inotarisirwa kuwedzera. Mune yakafanana, Investment mukuchaja zvinyorwa uye nekukurumidza nzira dzekuchaja dzinoita kureba-kure-kure kweV kufamba zvakanyanya kushanda. Kusvika panguva iyoyo, Vavengi vagadziri vanotarisa pamotokari dzekugadzira dzinosangana nezvinodiwa zvevazhinji vevatyairi vachitaura nezvematambudziko ehuremu uye kuwanikwa.